Intracranial aneurysm and describing it for treatment

CT · MRI

First and second year — the floor first, then every step

Find the aneurysm on CT or MR angiography, then describe what the neuro-interventionalist needs: location, size, neck width, dome-to-neck ratio, branches from the neck, irregularity (blebs) — the features that decide coiling, clipping or surveillance.

Orient first

  • Most arise at the circle of Willis bifurcations: anterior communicating, posterior communicating, MCA bifurcation, basilar tip.
  • In subarachnoid haemorrhage the blood distribution points to the likely site; multiple aneurysms are common.
  • Rupture risk scores (e.g. PHASES — verify) use size, location, age, hypertension and previous SAH.

Acquire the study

  • CT angiography from the arch to the vertex, 0.6–1 mm, with MIP and volume rendering.

The manoeuvre

  • Review each circle of Willis segment on thin axial source images and 3D; search the pericallosal and distal MCA branches.
  • Measure dome height, width and neck in mm; dome-to-neck ratio.
  • Branches arising from the neck; blebs and lobulation.
  • In SAH: the aneurysm nearest the thickest clot is the likely bleeder.

What confirms it

  • A saccular outpouching demonstrated on angiography in two projections.

What licenses you to exclude it

  • A negative CTA in SAH does not exclude a small aneurysm — catheter angiography is the next step.

The classic misread

  • Missing a small aneurysm at the skull base in bone — use bone subtraction or thin MIPs.

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